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Speaking One Language at Home and Another Everywhere Else

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Photo: Aishti autunno 2010 by Av project (CC BY-SA 3.0), via Openverse

Many children of migrant families grow up fluent in two distinct registers of daily life, moving between them constantly without much thought. One language is spoken at the kitchen table, and an entirely different one is used at school, at work, in every public transaction outside the home. The switch between them can become so automatic that it stops feeling like translation at all.

This dual fluency is often completely invisible to outsiders, who see only whichever language happens to be in use at that particular moment. They rarely witness the seamless crossing back and forth that happens within a single household. Sometimes it happens within a single conversation, as different family members are addressed in turn, one after another, without anyone pausing to think about it.

What can be harder to notice, even from inside the family itself, is how certain feelings attach more naturally to one language than to the other. Some things are simply easier to say, or to feel fully, in whichever language was first heard in that particular kitchen. This holds true regardless of how fluent the other language later becomes through years of daily use elsewhere.

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